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An engine, also referred to as a motor, is a tool which transforms energy into functional mechanical motion. Motors which convert heat energy into motion are known as engines. Engines come in numerous kinds such as external and internal combustion. An internal combustion engine normally burns a fuel with air and the resulting hot gases are used for generating power. Steam engines are an illustration of external combustion engines. They use heat in order to generate motion utilizing a separate working fluid.
The electric motor takes electrical energy and produces mechanical motion via various electromagnetic fields. This is a typical type of motor. Some types of motors function through non-combustive chemical reactions, other types could use springs and be driven through elastic energy. Pneumatic motors are driven by compressed air. There are various styles depending upon the application needed.
Internal combustion engines or ICEs
Internal combustion happens whenever the combustion of the fuel mixes with an oxidizer in the combustion chamber. In the IC engine, higher temperatures will result in direct force to certain engine parts like the nozzles, pistons, or turbine blades. This particular force produces functional mechanical energy by means of moving the component over a distance. Usually, an ICE has intermittent combustion as seen in the popular 2- and 4-stroke piston motors and the Wankel rotary motor. Most gas turbines, rocket engines and jet engines fall into a second class of internal combustion engines known as continuous combustion, that occurs on the same previous principal described.
External combustion engines like Stirling or steam engines vary significantly from internal combustion engines. External combustion engines, where the energy is delivered to a working fluid like for example pressurized water, liquid sodium and hot water or air that are heated in some type of boiler. The working fluid is not combined with, consisting of or contaminated by burning products.
Various designs of ICEs have been developed and are now available with numerous strengths and weaknesses. If powered by an energy dense fuel, the internal combustion engine delivers an efficient power-to-weight ratio. Even if ICEs have succeeded in a lot of stationary utilization, their actual strength lies in mobile utilization. Internal combustion engines control the power supply utilized for vehicles such as cars, boats and aircrafts. Several hand-held power tools use either battery power or ICE gadgets.
External combustion engines
An external combustion engine uses a heat engine where a working fluid, like for example steam in steam engine or gas in a Stirling engine, is heated through combustion of an external source. This particular combustion takes place via a heat exchanger or via the engine wall. The fluid expands and acts upon the engine mechanism that produces motion. After that, the fluid is cooled, and either compressed and used again or thrown, and cool fluid is pulled in.
The act of burning fuel along with an oxidizer to supply heat is known as "combustion." External thermal engines could be of similar use and configuration but make use of a heat supply from sources such as exothermic, geothermal, solar or nuclear reactions not involving combustion.
Working fluid could be of whatever constitution, though gas is the most common working fluid. Sometimes a single-phase liquid is occasionally used. In Organic Rankine Cycle or in the case of the steam engine, the working fluid varies phases between gas and liquid.
